CPR – Components for Adults & Adolescents

Scene safety

  1. Check the environment – making sure it’s safe for rescuers and victims

Recognition of cardiac arrest

  1. Check responsiveness
  2. No breathing or only gasping – ie., no normal breathing
  3. Within 10 seconds – no positive pulse
  • (You can check for a pulse and breathing simultaneously in less than 10 seconds)

Activation of the emergency response system

  • If you do not have a mobile phone – leave the victim and activate the emergency response system while retrieving an AED before performing CPR.
  • Have someone activate the emergency response system. Perform CPR immediately and use the AED as it becomes available.

Compression- ventilation ratio without advanced airway

  • 1 or 2 rescuers – 30:2

Compression- ventilation ratio with advanced airway

  • Chest compressions – 100-120/min
  • Give 1 breath every 6 seconds (10 breaths/min)

Compression rate

  • 100-120/min

Compression depth

  • At least 2 inches (5 cm)

Hand placement

  • 2 hands-on the breastbone (sternum) on the lower half

Chest recoil

  • Make sure not to lean on the chest of the victim – Allow a full recoil after each chest compression

Minimizing interruptions

  • Compression interruptions – limit to less than 10 seconds

Rescuers should never

  • Compress slower than 100/min or faster than 120/min
  • Compress in-depth less than 2 inches (5 cm) or more than 2.4 (6 cm)
  • Lean on victim’s chest during compressions
  • Allow interruption during compressions more than 10 seconds
  • Provide excessive ventilation during breathing task, ie., excessive breathing with force or too many breaths

When to stop CPR
•  When you’re too exhausted to continue
•  Broken ribs, lung collapses, etc.
•  If an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is accessible
•  If Emergency Medical Services (EMS) arrives


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